What is a Routine Ultrasound with Biophysical Profile Score?

A Routine Ultrasound with Biophysical Profile Score (BPS) is a specialized test performed during pregnancy to assess the baby’s well-being and overall health. This test combines a detailed ultrasound evaluation with a non-stress test (NST) in some cases to check for potential signs of fetal distress.

Key Components of a Biophysical Profile (BPS):

The BPS evaluates five key parameters, each scored on a 0-2 scale, with a maximum total score of 10. These include:

  1. Fetal Breathing Movements – Checking if the baby is making breathing-like movements.
  2. Fetal Movements – Observing how often the baby moves within a specific period.
  3. Fetal Tone – Assessing muscle tone by checking for limb movements or flexion.
  4. Amniotic Fluid Volume – Measuring the amount of fluid surrounding the baby.
  5. Non-Stress Test (NST) (optional) – Monitoring fetal heart rate patterns with an external device.

Why is a Routine Ultrasound with Biophysical Profile Score Important?

  • Helps assess the baby’s overall health and oxygen levels.
  • Identifies signs of fetal distress or complications that may require early intervention.
  • Ensures the placenta is functioning properly and providing enough nutrients to the baby.
  • Helps determine if early delivery is needed in cases of fetal distress or high-risk pregnancy.

When is the Biophysical Profile Scan Performed?

  • Typically done in the third trimester (after 28 weeks).
  • Recommended for high-risk pregnancies, such as cases of gestational diabetes, hypertension, fetal growth restriction (IUGR), or reduced fetal movements.

How is the Routine Ultrasound with Biophysical Profile Score Done?

Step 1: Preparation

  • No special preparation is needed.
  • A full bladder is not required unless specifically advised by the doctor.
  • Wear loose, comfortable clothing for easy access to the abdomen.

Step 2: The Ultrasound Examination

  • A gel is applied to the mother’s abdomen, and an ultrasound probe is used to capture images of the baby.
  • The doctor observes fetal breathing, movement, muscle tone, and amniotic fluid levels.
  • Each parameter is assigned a score (0-2 points each).

Step 3: Non-Stress Test (NST) (if required)

  • A fetal heart monitor may be placed on the mother’s abdomen.
  • The baby’s heart rate is monitored in response to movement.
  • A healthy response earns additional points in the BPS.

Step 4: Final Score and Interpretation

  • 8-10 points – Normal, baby is healthy.
  • 6 points – Borderline; further evaluation may be needed.
  • 4 or below – Indicates fetal distress; immediate intervention may be required.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Q.1. Why do I need a Biophysical Profile Score ultrasound?

The BPS ultrasound is performed to check if the baby is receiving enough oxygen and developing normally. It is especially recommended for high-risk pregnancies to detect signs of distress early and take necessary medical actions.

Yes, the BPS ultrasound is completely safe. It uses sound waves, not radiation, to capture images of the baby. The non-stress test (NST) is also non-invasive and poses no harm.

A low BPS score (4 or below) may indicate that the baby is not getting enough oxygen or facing complications. In such cases, further tests or early delivery may be recommended by the doctor.

The ultrasound portion takes around 30 minutes. If an NST is required, it may take an additional 20-40 minutes. The entire process usually lasts less than an hour.

If your BPS score is below normal, your doctor may suggest:

  • Repeat the test within 24 hours.
  • Additional monitoring through Doppler ultrasound or NST.
  • Early delivery in severe cases to prevent complications.